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1 simulacrum
sĭmŭlācrum, i, n. [simulo], an image formed in the likeness of a thing, a likeness, image, form, representation, semblance (class.; syn.: imago, effigies, signum).I.Lit., of images formed by art, reflected in a mirror, or seen in a dream; of apparitions, visions, etc. (the latter mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose).A.Of images formed by art, esp. of statues of the gods, an image, figure, portrait, effigy, statue, etc.:b.alicujus effigiem simulacrumque servare,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 65, § 159; cf.:statuas et imagines, non animorum simulacra sed corporum... relinquere,
id. Arch. 12, 30:Helenae se pingere simulacrum velle dixit (Zeuxis),
id. Inv. 2, 1, 1; cf. id. Fam. 5, 12, 7:delubra magnifica humanis consecrata simulacris,
id. Rep. 3, 9, 14;but cf.: simulacrum deae non effigie humanā,
Tac. H. 2, 3:deorum simulacra sanctissima,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 1, 3;so of the images of the gods,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 72, § 185; Caes. B. G. 6, 16; 6, 17; id. B. C. 2, 5; 3, 105; Tac. H. 2, 3; id. A. 12, 22 al.:tueri aras simulacraque divom,
Lucr. 5, 75; 5, 308:et bene facta deum frangit simulacra,
id. 6, 419; Verg. A. 2, 172; Ov. M. 10, 694; 15, 658 al.; cf.:Herculis simulacrum,
Liv. 9, 44 fin.: simulacra oppidorum, Cic. Pis. 25, 60; cf.pugnarum,
Liv. 41, 28, 10:Balbum in triumpho omnium gentium urbiumque nomina ac simulacra duxisse,
Plin. 5, 5, 5, § 36; cf.also: simulacrum celebrati diei pingere,
Liv. 24, 16 fin.:montium, fluviorum,
Tac. A. 2, 41.— Poet., of the Trojan horse, Verg. A. 2, 232 (for which, effigies, id. ib. 2, 184).—Adverb.: ad or per simulacrum (like ad similitudinem, formam), in the form of, after the pattern of:B.aurata aedes ad simulacrum templi Veneris collocata,
Suet. Caes. 84:ad simulacrum ignium ardens Pharus,
id. Flor. 4, 2, 88; cf.:ad simulacrum caelestium siderum,
id. ib. 1, 2, 3:digiti per litterarum simulacra ducuntur,
Sen. Ep. 94, 51.—An image, form, shade, phantom seen in a mirror, in a dream, etc.; analogous to the Gr. eidôlon:2.quaecunque apparent nobis simulacra,
Lucr. 4, 99; cf.:per aquas, quae nunc rerum simulacra videmus,
id. 1, 1060:quid frustra simulacra fugacia (in aquā visa) captas?
Ov. M. 3, 432. —Of the shades or ghosts of the departed:quaedam simulacra modis pallentia miris,
Lucr. 1, 123 (cf. Verg. G. 1, 477 infra); cf.:est via declivis (in Tartarum)... umbrae recentes Descendunt illac simulacraque functa sepulcris,
Ov. M. 4, 435; so id. ib. 10, 14:simulacra cara parentis,
id. ib. 14, 112; cf. Verg. A. 2, 772:ut bibere in somnis sitiens cum quaerit... laticum simulacra petit, etc.,
Lucr. 4, 1099; cf.:(canes) Expergefacti secuntur inania saepe Cervorum simulacra,
id. 4, 995:simulacra inania somni,
Ov. H. 9, 39:vana (noctis),
id. Am. 1, 6, 9:simulacra modis pallentia miris Visa sub obscurum noctis,
Verg. G. 1, 477; Sil. 3, 650 al.; cf.:ne vacua mens audita simulacra et inanes sibi metus fingeret,
Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 7.—In the philosoph. lang. of Lucret. (like the Gr. eidôlon and the Lat. spectrum), the form or image of an object of sense or thought presented to the mind; a representation, idea, conception, Lucr. 2, 112; 4, 130; 4, 149 sq.—3.Of mnemonic signs, types, or emblems:4.ut res ipsas rerum effigies notaret atque ut locis pro cerā, simulacris pro litteris uteremur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 354.—A description, a portraiture of character:5.non inseram simulacrum viri copiosi (Catonis), quae dixerit referendo,
Liv. 45, 25.—A likeness or similitude:II.diu disputavi, Hominem quojus rei Similem esse arbitrarer simulacrumque habere: Id repperi jam exemplum, etc.,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 6.—In partic., with the predominant idea of mere imitation (opp. to that which is original or real), a shadow, semblance, appearance, etc.:simulacrum aliquod ac vestigium civitatis,
Cic. Fam. 10, 1, 1; cf.:simulacra virtutis,
id. Off. 1, 15, 46; and:haec simulacra sunt auspiciorum, auspicia nullo modo,
id. Div. 2, 33, 71:libertatis,
Tac. A. 1, 77:belli simulacra cientes,
i.e. mock-fights, sham-fights, Lucr. 2, 41; 2, 324:pugnaeque cient simulacra sub armis,
Verg. A. 5, 585; 5, 674; Sil. 16, 529; 7, 119; cf.:simulacrum navalis pugnae,
Liv. 26, 51, 6; 35, 26, 2:quibusdam pugnae simulacris ad verum discrimen aciemque justam consuescimus,
Quint. 2, 10, 8; so,ludicrum pugnae,
Liv. 40, 9:decurrentis exercitūs,
id. 44, 9:vindemiae,
Tac. A. 11, 31:civilitatis particulae,
Quint. 2, 15, 25:inania,
id. 10, 5, 17. -
2 exerceō
exerceō uī, itus, ēre [ex + arceo], to drive, keep busy, keep at work, oversee, work, agitate: taures, V.: te exercebo hodie, keep agoing, T.: (Maeandros) Incertas exercet aquas, O.: vomere collīs, V.: rura bubus, H.: humum in messem, V.: agros, Ta.: telas (aranea), O.: arva exercenda, Ta.: undas Exercet Auster, H.: diem, i. e. employ in labor, V.—Fig., to engage busily, occupy, employ, exercise, train, discipline: quid te exercuit Pammenes? copias, Cs.: exercendae memoriae gratiā: in bello alqm: in gramineis membra palaestris, V.: vocem et virīs in hoc: Litibus linguas, O.: exerceri in venando: se in his dictionibus: se genere venationis, Cs.: cui (Iovi) se exercebit, in whose honor: ceteris in campo exercentibus: exercendi consuetudo, of exercising ourselves: pueros exercendi causā producere, L.— To practise, follow, exercise, employ oneself about, make use of, ply: medicinae exercendae causā: artem, H.: palaestras, V.: arma, V.: vanos in aëra morsūs, O.: acies pueriles, mock fights, Iu. — To follow up, follow out, prosecute, carry into effect, practise, administer: iudicium: latam legem, L.: imperia, V.: cum illo inimicitias, S.: odium in prole, O.: facilitatem animi: avaritiam in socios, L.: acerrume victoriam nobilitatis in plebem, S.: foede victoriam in captis, L.: odium, O.: pacem et hymenaeos, solemnize, V. — To disturb, disquiet, vex, plague: me vehementer: te exercent numinis irae, V.: animos hominum, S.: simultates et exercuerunt eum et ipse exercuit eas, L.: toto exerceor anno, O.: curis exercita corpora, O.* * *exercere, exercui, exercitus Vexercise, train, drill, practice; enforce, administer; cultivate -
3 simulācrum
simulācrum ī, n [simulo], a likeness, image, figure, portrait, effigy, statue: eius simulacrum servare: deorum simulacra: templa adire, et ante simulacra proiecti, etc., Cs.: Vix positum Castris (the Palladium), V.: simulacra oppidorum: pugnarum, L.— An image, reflection, form, shade, phantom: quid frustra simulacra fugacia (in aquā visa) captas? O.: infelix Creüsae, ghost, V.: vana (noctis), O.: simulacra modis pallentia miris, V. — A mnemonic sign, figure, emblem: simulacris pro litteris uti.— A description, portraiture, characterization: viri copiosi, L.—Fig., a shadow, semblance, appearance, imitation, pretence: religionis simulacra fingere: aliquod civitatis: pugnaeque cient simulacra sub armis, mock-fights, V.: navalis pugnae, L.: simulacra libertatis senatui praebere, Ta.* * *likeness, image, statue -
4 navalia
nāvālis, e, adj. [navis], of or belonging to ships, ship-, naval:II.pedestres navalesve pugnae,
Cic. Sen. 5, 13; Liv. 26, 51, 6:bellum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:apparatus,
id. Att. 10, 8, 3:disciplina et gloria navalis,
id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 54:fuga,
by sea, Plin. 7, 45, 46, § 148:proelium,
Gell. 10, 6, 2:castra,
to protect the ships drawn up on land, Caes. B. G. 5, 22:in classe acieque navali esse,
Liv. 26, 51, 8 Weissenb.:forma,
the shape of a ship, Ov. F. 1, 229: corona, a naval crown, as the reward of a naval victory, Verg. A. 8, 684; cf.: navali coronā solet donari, qui primus in hostium navem armatus transilierit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 163 Müll.; so,navali cinctus honore caput,
Ov. A. A. 3, 392:navali surgentes aere columnae,
made of the brass from the beaks of captured ships, Verg. G. 3, 29:arbor,
fit for ship-building, Plin. 13, 9, 17, § 61:stagnum,
a basin in which to exhibit mock sea-fights, Tac. A. 4, 15:navalis Phoebus, so called because hegranted the victory at Actium,
Prop. 4 (5), 1, 3; v. Actius and Actiacus: socii, sailors, seamen (chosen from the freedmen of the colonists and allies, and also from those of the colonists and allies themselves who had been in slavery; they were bound to a longer period of service and were of lower rank than the land troops; cf. Liv. 36, 2; 40, 18; 21, 50):postero die militibus navalibusque sociis convocatis,
id. 26, 48; 26, 17; 32, 23; 26, 35;24, 11.—Sometimes the socii navales are distinguished from the seamen,
Liv. 37, 10:navales pedes, contemptuously,
galley-slaves, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 75. (Others understand by this expression ship-servants, cabin-boys. Non. 381, 393, calls the oars themselves navales pedes).—Duumviri navales,
two commissaries who were charged with the repairing and fitting out of a fleet, Liv. 9, 30; 40, 18; 26: navalis scriba, a ship's scribe or secretary, Paul. ex Fest. p. 169 Müll.—Subst.: nāvā-le, is, n. (in sing. only poet.), and nāvā-lĭa, ium, n. ( gen. plur. navaliorum, Vitr. 5, 127; Inscr. Orell. 3627).A.A place where ships were built and repaired, a dock, dockyard (cf.:B.statio, portus): navalia, portus, aquarum ductus, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 17, 60:de navalium opere,
id. de Or. 1, 14, 62:deripientque rates alii navalibus,
Verg. A. 4, 593; Ov. M. 11, 455.—In sing., haud aliter quam si siccum navale teneret (puppis), Ov. M. 3, 661; id. H. 18, 207.—Esp. of the place in Rome, across the Tiber, where the dock-yards were situated, Liv. 3, 26; 8, 14, 12; 40, 51 et saep.—Near them was the Navalis porta, Paul. ex Fest. p. 178 Müll.—The requisites for fitting out a ship, [p. 1192] tackling, rigging, Liv. 45, 23, 5; Verg. A. 11, 329; Plin. 16, 11, 21, § 52. -
5 navalis
nāvālis, e, adj. [navis], of or belonging to ships, ship-, naval:II.pedestres navalesve pugnae,
Cic. Sen. 5, 13; Liv. 26, 51, 6:bellum,
id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:apparatus,
id. Att. 10, 8, 3:disciplina et gloria navalis,
id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 54:fuga,
by sea, Plin. 7, 45, 46, § 148:proelium,
Gell. 10, 6, 2:castra,
to protect the ships drawn up on land, Caes. B. G. 5, 22:in classe acieque navali esse,
Liv. 26, 51, 8 Weissenb.:forma,
the shape of a ship, Ov. F. 1, 229: corona, a naval crown, as the reward of a naval victory, Verg. A. 8, 684; cf.: navali coronā solet donari, qui primus in hostium navem armatus transilierit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 163 Müll.; so,navali cinctus honore caput,
Ov. A. A. 3, 392:navali surgentes aere columnae,
made of the brass from the beaks of captured ships, Verg. G. 3, 29:arbor,
fit for ship-building, Plin. 13, 9, 17, § 61:stagnum,
a basin in which to exhibit mock sea-fights, Tac. A. 4, 15:navalis Phoebus, so called because hegranted the victory at Actium,
Prop. 4 (5), 1, 3; v. Actius and Actiacus: socii, sailors, seamen (chosen from the freedmen of the colonists and allies, and also from those of the colonists and allies themselves who had been in slavery; they were bound to a longer period of service and were of lower rank than the land troops; cf. Liv. 36, 2; 40, 18; 21, 50):postero die militibus navalibusque sociis convocatis,
id. 26, 48; 26, 17; 32, 23; 26, 35;24, 11.—Sometimes the socii navales are distinguished from the seamen,
Liv. 37, 10:navales pedes, contemptuously,
galley-slaves, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 75. (Others understand by this expression ship-servants, cabin-boys. Non. 381, 393, calls the oars themselves navales pedes).—Duumviri navales,
two commissaries who were charged with the repairing and fitting out of a fleet, Liv. 9, 30; 40, 18; 26: navalis scriba, a ship's scribe or secretary, Paul. ex Fest. p. 169 Müll.—Subst.: nāvā-le, is, n. (in sing. only poet.), and nāvā-lĭa, ium, n. ( gen. plur. navaliorum, Vitr. 5, 127; Inscr. Orell. 3627).A.A place where ships were built and repaired, a dock, dockyard (cf.:B.statio, portus): navalia, portus, aquarum ductus, etc.,
Cic. Off. 2, 17, 60:de navalium opere,
id. de Or. 1, 14, 62:deripientque rates alii navalibus,
Verg. A. 4, 593; Ov. M. 11, 455.—In sing., haud aliter quam si siccum navale teneret (puppis), Ov. M. 3, 661; id. H. 18, 207.—Esp. of the place in Rome, across the Tiber, where the dock-yards were situated, Liv. 3, 26; 8, 14, 12; 40, 51 et saep.—Near them was the Navalis porta, Paul. ex Fest. p. 178 Müll.—The requisites for fitting out a ship, [p. 1192] tackling, rigging, Liv. 45, 23, 5; Verg. A. 11, 329; Plin. 16, 11, 21, § 52. -
6 κυδοιμός
κῠδοιμ-ός, ὁ,A din of battle, uproar, hubbub, , cf. 18.218; κυδοιμὸν ἐμβαλεῖν (mock-heroic) Ar.Ach. 573; ὀρνίθων κυδοιμοί cock- fights, Theoc.22.72:— Κυδοιμός personified, as companion of Ἐνυώ and Ἔρις, Il.5.593, 18.535, cf. Emp.128.1, Ar. Pax 255.—[dialect] Ep. word, used by Ar. and in later Prose, as Plb.5.48.5, Luc.Bis Acc.10, etc.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κυδοιμός
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